Funktionsstörungen und Lebensqualität nach Ösophagusresektion

Multimodale Therapiestrategien konnten in den letzten Jahren das Langzeitüberleben nach Ösophagusresektion erheblich verbessern, sodass postoperative Funktion und Lebensqualität immer wichtiger werden. Die funktionellen postoperativen Syndrome umfassen Schluck- und Refluxbeschwerden, Dumpingsyndrome und Magenentleerungsstörungen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist eine zusammenfassende Beschreibung dieser Funktionsstörungen sowie die Diskussion ihrer Ursachen und Therapien.

Kernaussagen

• Die Ösophagektomie ist der Hauptbestandteil der kurativen onkologischen Therapie des Ösophaguskarzinoms.

• Ausdehnung und Lage des Tumors bestimmen das Resektionsausmaß.

• Die Rekonstruktion nach Ösophagektomie erfolgt in den meisten Zentren mittels Schlauchmagenhochzug.

• Ösophagusresektionen führen bei vielen Patienten zu einer dauerhaften Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität.

• Typische Funktionsstörungen nach Ösophagektomie sind: Schluck- und Refluxbeschwerden, Dumpingsyndrome sowie Magenentleerungsstörungen.

• Das Wissen um die Pathophysiologie der klassischen postoperativen Syndrome ist unerlässlich für eine neben der onkologischen auch funktionelle Nachsorge.

Schlüsselwörter

Ösophagektomie - postoperative Funktionsstörungen - Dumpingsyndrom - Magenentleerungsstörung - Schluck- und Refluxbeschwerden - HRQL

Publication History

Article published online:
11 March 2022

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