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DOI: 10.1055/a-1441-2575
Einsatz eines Wendelappens zur Wiederherstellung des Volumens im Achselbereich – ein neuer Behandlungsansatz für die operative Versorgung von sekundären Lymphödemen nach Brustkrebstherapie
Re-augmentation of the Axilla Using a Turn-Over Flap – a New Approach for the Surgical Treatment of Secondary Lymphedema After Breast CancerZusammenfassung
Einleitung Narbige Verengungen und ein Volumendefizit im Bereich der Axilla können zu einem anhaltenden Lymphödem führen und zählen zu den häufigsten Nebenwirkungen nach einer Brustkrebstherapie im Achselbereich. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Vorstellung einer Operationstechnik zur Reduzierung von Lymphödemen mithilfe eines Turn-Over Flaps.
Material und Methoden Zwischen Oktober 2016 und Mai 2018 wurden 5 Patientinnen mit einem Lymphödem Grad 2 nach Mammakarzinomtherapie mit dieser neuen Methode behandelt. Dabei erfolgte die vollständige Entfernung der kompromittierenden Narbenstränge der Axilla, gefolgt von einer Reaugmentation der Axilla mittels Turn-Over Flap. Danach wurde bei allen Patientinnen eine Brustrekonstruktion mit einer an die thorakodorsalen Gefäße angeschlossenen Fernlappenplastik durchgeführt. Prä- und postoperativ wurden der Umfang beider Arme, die Lebensqualität und die Schmerzen gemessen.
Ergebnisse Im Durchschnitt sanken die Schmerzen im ipsilateralen Arm von 6 auf 1 auf der numerischen Schmerzskala, und die Lebensqualität verbesserte sich merklich (2,8 vs. 7,0). Es zeigte sich eine deutliche Verringerung des Lymphödems, vor allem im Oberarm. Komplikationen wie sekundäre Blutungen, Infektionen oder Lappenverlust sind nicht aufgetreten.
Schlussfolgerung Eine vollständige Entfernung der nach Brustkrebsbehandlungen entstandenen Vernarbungen im Bereich der Axilla und eine Reaugmentation der Axilla mittels Turn-Over Flap führten zu einer Verringerung des ipsilateralen Lymphödems und zu einer Verbesserung der Schmerzen und der Lebensqualität. Wir deuten dieses Outcome als Ergebnis der physiologischen Ausrichtung der Lymphgefäße und eines lymphknotenhaltigen Transpositionslappens. Die Reaugmentation der Axilla mittels Turn-Over Flap könnte eine wirksame, nicht mikrochirurgische Alternative zur Lymphknotentransplantation darstellen.
Abstract
Introduction Scarring and volume reduction of the axillary space resulting in persistent lymphedema is a side effect of axillary treatment in breast cancer patients. The aim of this paper is to describe the reduction of lymphedema achieved with a turnover flap.
Materials and Methods Between October 2016 and May 2018, five patients with grade 2 lymphedema following breast cancer therapy underwent reconstructive surgery with a turnover flap. Complete excision of the symptomatic axillary scar tissue followed by re-augmentation using a turnover flap was performed. Subsequently, all patients underwent breast reconstruction using a distant flap reconnected to the thoracodorsal vessels. The circumference of both arms, quality of life and pain were measured before and after surgery.
Results An average reduction in pain in the ipsilateral arm from 6 to 1 on the numerical scale as well as an improvement in quality of life (2.8 vs. 7.0) was observed. A decrease in lymphedema especially in the upper arm was identified. No complications such as secondary bleeding, infections or flap loss were observed.
Conclusion Complete removal of the axillary scar tissue after breast cancer treatment and re-augmentation of the axilla with a turnover flap results in a reduction in ipsilateral lymphedema and an improvement in pain and quality of life. We interpret these findings as a result of the physiological re-alignment of the lymphatic vessels combined with a lymph node containing local transposition flap. Therefore, re-augmentation with a turnover flap could be an effective non-microsurgical alternative to lymph node transplantation.
Schlüsselwörter
Lymphödem - Mammakarzinom - Lymphknotentransplantation - Achsellymphknoten - brustkrebsassoziiertes LymphödemKey words
lymphedema - breast cancer - lymph node transplantation - axillary node - breast cancer‑related lymphedemaPublikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 13. September 2019
Angenommen: 18. November 2019
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
30. September 2021
© 2020. The Author(s). This article was originally published by Thieme in Geburtsh Frauenheilk 2020; 80: 526–531 as an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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