Ultraschall Med 2021; 42(03): 278-284
DOI: 10.1055/a-1365-8611
Guidelines & Recommendations

3-Dimensional Ultrasound: How can the Fetal Corpus Callosum Be Demonstrated Correctly?

3-dimensionaler Ultraschall: Wie stellt man das fetale Corpus callosum korrekt dar?
Sonila Pashaj
Center for Ultrasound and Prenatal Medicine Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
Eberhard Merz
Center for Ultrasound and Prenatal Medicine Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

The aim of this article is to outline the correct demonstration of the fetal corpus callosum with 3D ultrasound between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation. An abdominal or transvaginal 3D transducer can be used for acquisition of the fetal brain depending on the position of the fetus. The best demonstration of the corpus callosum can be achieved, when the volume with the corpus callosum is acquired from a sagittal or parasagittal sectional plane of the brain. Once the volume is stored in the memory, the multiplanar mode allows manipulation in all three dimensions until the exact median plane is seen, showing the corpus callosum as a hypo- or anechoic curved structure. Volume acquisition of the brain from an axial plane of the fetal head – typically used for biometrical measurements of the head diameters – is not recommended for clinical evaluation of the corpus callosum because the reconstructed median plane does not reveal the margins and the structure of the corpus callosum precisely. Other display modes such as volume contrast imaging (VCI), OmniView-VCI, and tomographic display may also be used for demonstration of the corpus callosum. However, these display modes only provide the operator with good image quality of the corpus callosum if the fetal brain was acquired from a sagittal and not from an axial plane.

Conclusion 3D ultrasound is an excellent clinical tool for the exact presentation of the fetal corpus callosum because it allows volume manipulation of the fetal head in all three dimensions with precise demonstration of the median plane of the brain.

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen Überblick über die korrekte Demonstration des fetalen Corpus callosum mittels 3D-Ultraschall zwischen 18 und 40 Schwangerschaftswoche zu geben. Je nach Lage des Fötus kann für die Aufnahme des fetalen Gehirns ein abdominaler oder transvaginaler 3D-Schallkopf verwendet werden. Die beste Darstellung des Corpus callosum kann erreicht werden, wenn das Volumen mit dem Corpus callosum aus einer sagittalen oder parasagittalen Schnittebene des Gehirns aufgenommen wird. Sobald das Volumen im Speicher abgelegt ist, ermöglicht der multiplanare Modus die Manipulation in allen 3 Dimensionen, bis die exakte Medianebene zu sehen ist, die das Corpus callosum als eine hypo- oder anechogene gekrümmte Struktur zeigt. Die Volumenerfassung des Gehirns aus einer axialen Ebene des fetalen Kopfes – typischerweise für biometrische Messungen der Kopfdurchmesser verwendet – wird für die klinische Beurteilung des Corpus callosum nicht empfohlen, da die rekonstruierte Medianebene die Ränder und die Struktur des Corpus callosum nicht exakt erkennen lässt. Andere Darstellungsmodi wie VCI (Volume Contrast Imaging), OmniView-VCI und die tomografische Darstellung können ebenfalls zur Demonstration des Corpus callosum verwendet werden. Diese Darstellungsmodi bieten dem Untersucher jedoch nur dann eine gute Bildqualität des Corpus callosum, wenn das fetale Gehirn aus einer sagittalen und nicht aus einer axialen Ebene aufgenommen wurde.

Schlussfolgerung 3D-Ultraschall ist ein ausgezeichnetes klinisches Werkzeug für die exakte Demonstration des fetalen Corpus callosum, da er eine Volumenmanipulation des fetalen Kopfes in allen 3 Dimensionen mit präziser Darstellung der Medianebene des Gehirns ermöglicht.



Publication History

Received: 11 May 2020

Accepted: 12 January 2021

Article published online:
22 February 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
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