Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2021; 42(08): 703-707
DOI: 10.1055/a-1297-4669
Physiology & Biochemistry

Effects of a One-week Vacation with Various Activity Programs on Metabolism and Adipokines

Günther Neumayr
1   Dr. Neumayr, Medical Office, Lienz, Austria
,
Clemens Engler
2   Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Lukas Lunger
2   Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Peter Lechleitner
3   Symbiomed Medical Center Lienz, Lienz, Austria
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

This study was conducted as part of a larger study of East Tyrolean health tourism, and investigates the effects of an active seven-day vacation on metabolic parameters and adipokines. Fifty-two healthy vacationers participated in two types of vacation activities (golf vs. Nordic walking or e-biking [nw&eb]). In the former group, 30 subjects played golf for a mean duration of 33.5 h per week; in the NW&EB group, 22 persons performed Nordic walking or e-biking for a mean duration of 14.2 h per week. Metabolic parameters and adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, GF-21, irisin, omentin-1, betatrophin, and resistin, were measured one day before and one day after the stay. After one week, only the NW&EB group experienced a significant decrease of 1.0 kg in body weight. Significant changes in HDL-C, FGF-21, irisin, and omentin-1 were seen in the golf group; and in triglycerides, HbA1c, leptin and adiponectin in the NW&EB group. No significant changes in betatrophin or resistin were registered in either group. A seven-day vacation with an activity program for several hours per week causes favorable changes in metabolic parameters and adipokines known to be involved in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. The changes differed in their magnitude and significance, depending on the type of activity.

Key words

golf - walking - bicycling - health resorts - adipokines


Publication History

Received: 22 June 2020

Accepted: 16 October 2020

Article published online:
01 December 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Geurts SAE, Sonnentag S. Recovery as an explanatory mechanism in the relation between acute stress reactions and chronic health impairment. Scand J Work Environ Health 2006; 32: 482-492
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 De Bloom J, Kompier M, Geurts S. et al. Do we recover from vacation? Meta-analysis of vacation effects on health and well-being. J Occup Health 2009; 51: 13-25
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Neumayr G, Lechleitner P. Effects of a one-week vacation with various activity programs on cardiovascular parameters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 59: 335-339
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Dutheil F, Gordon BA, Naughton G. et al. Cardiovascular risk of adipokines: a review. J Int Med Res 2018; 46: 2082-2095
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Bouassida A, Chamari K, Zaouali M. et al. Review on leptin and adiponectin responses and adaptations to acute and chronic exercise. Br J Sports Med 2010; 44: 620-630
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Golbidi S, Laher I. Exercise induced adipokine changes and the metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014: 726861
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Harriss DJ, Macsween A, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2020 Update. Int J Sports Med 2019; 40: 813-817
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Farahmand B, Broman G, De Faire U. et al. Golf - a game of life and death. Reduced mortality in Swedish golf players. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2009; 19: 419-424
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Neumayr G, Fries D, Mittermayer M. et al. Effects of hiking at moderate and low altitude on cardiovascular parameters in male patients with metabolic syndrome: Austrian Moderate Altitude Study (AMAS). Wilderness Environ Med 2014; 25: 329-334
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Herrmann SD. et al. Compendium of Physical Activities: A second update of codes and MET values. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 1575-1581
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Venables MC, Jeukendrup AE, Asker E. Endurance training and obesity: effect on substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40: 495-502
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Mika A, Macaluso F, Barone R. et al. Effect of exercise on fatty acid metabolism and adipokine secretion in adipose tissue. Front Physiol 2019; 10: 26
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Kodama S, Tanaka S, Saito K. et al. Effect of aerobic exercise training on serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: A meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 999-1008
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Chen YC, Travers RL, Walhin JP. et al. Feeding influences adipose tissue responses to exercise in overweight men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313: E84-E93
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 He Z, Tian Y, Valenzuela PL. et al. Myokine/adipokine response to “aerobic” exercise: is it just a matter of exercise load?. Front Physiol 2019; 10: 691
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Leal LG, Lopes MA, Batista ML. Physical exercise-induced myokines and muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk: A review of current knowledge and the implications for health and metabolic diseases. Front Physiol 2018; 9: 1307
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL. Role of leptin in energy homeostasis in humans. J Endocrinol 2014; 223: T83-T96
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Zaccaria M, Ermolao A, Roi GS. et al. Leptin reduction after endurance races differing in duration and energy expenditure. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 87: 108-111
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Kraemer RR, Castracane VD. Exercise and humoral mediators of peripheral energy balance: Ghrelin and adiponectin. Exp Biol Med 2007; 232: 184-194
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Lee P, Linderman JD, Smith S. et al. Irisin and FGF21 are cold-induced endocrine activators of brown fat function in humans. Cell Metab 2014; 19: 302-309
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Tezze C, Romanello V, Sandri M. FGF21 as modulator of metabolism in health and disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10: 419
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Schnyder S, Christoph Handschin C. Skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ: PGC-1α, myokines and exercise. Bone 2015; 80: 115-125
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Daskalopoulou SS, Cooke AB, Gomez YH. et al. Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 171: 343-352
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Watanabe T, Watanabe-Kominato K, Takahashi Y. et al. Adipose tissue-derived omentin-1 function and regulation. Compr Physiol 2017; 7: 765-781
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Moreno M, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Serrano M. et al. Circulating irisin levels are positively associated with metabolic risk factors in sedentary subjects. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0124100
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Wilms B, Ernst B, Gerig R, Schultes B. Plasma Omentin-1 levels are related to exercise performance in obese women and increase upon aerobic endurance training. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015; 123: 187-192
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Saremi A, Asghari M, Ghorbani A. Effects of aerobic training on serum omentin-1 and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese men. J Sports Sci 2010; 28: 993-998
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar