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Nervenheilkunde 2020; 39(06): 363-372
DOI: 10.1055/a-1094-9909
Editorial
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Pandemie – historisch, systematisch, kulturell und (sozial-)politisch

Manfred Spitzer
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Publication Date:
04 June 2020 (online)

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Unter Epidemiologen gibt es den Ausspruch: „Wenn Sie eine Epidemie gesehen haben, dann haben Sie eine Epidemie gesehen“ – also keineswegs alle, wie das bekannte Diktum zum Schluss von nur einem Fall auf alle Fälle nahelegt. Denn Epidemien können, je nach den Eigenschaften des Erregers und der (nicht nur menschlichen) Gesellschaft, auf die er trifft, ganz unterschiedlich ablaufen. Weil beide – Erreger und betroffene Population – sehr verschieden sein und unabhängig voneinander variieren können, multiplizieren sich diese Verschiedenheiten. Dennoch kann man aus der Geschichte lernen, wenn nicht über das Virus, dann wenigstens über uns selbst in Zeiten einer Pandemie. Zudem gibt es wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zur Entstehung von Krankheit – physisch wie psychisch – durch Stress, beim Einzelnen, aber auch in Paar-Gemeinschaften. In systematischer Hinsicht folgt daraus, dass die Erkrankung von Vielen – Epidemie oder Pandemie – Stress erzeugt und der wiederum krank macht. Hierdurch entstehen Teufelskreise und Widersprüche, inmitten derer politische Entscheidungen gefällt werden müssen. Diese wiederum können gar nicht unabhängig von kulturellen Gegebenheiten sein, was die Sache nochmals komplexer macht.

 

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