Cholesterin – Baustein oder Risikofaktor?

Zusammenfassung

Cholesterin ist lebenswichtiger Baustein von Membranen und Ausgangspunkt vieler Syntheseleistungen des Körpers. Ein komplexes Regulationssystem sorgt für die Aufrechterhaltung der Cholesterinbalance im Körper. Sowohl Cholesterinmangel als auch erhöhte Werte beeinträchtigen die Gesundheit. Während der gesamten Lebensdauer ist Cholesterin von Bedeutung für Aufbau, Reparatur und ungestörte Funktion des Gehirns. Störungen des Metabolismus im Gehirn zählen zu den ursächlichen Faktoren neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen. Der lange Zeit propagierte direkte kausale Zusammenhang zwischen hoher Cholesterinaufnahme z. B. aus Eiern bzw. hohem LDL-Blutspiegel und kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen konnte in wissenschaftlichen Studien nicht zweifelsfrei nachgewiesen werden. Der steigende Einsatz von Statinen zur ungezielten Cholesterinsenkung ist somit nicht begründbar.

Schlüsselwörter

Cholesterin - Eier - Biosynthese - Cholesterinhomöostase - Steroidhormone - Metabolismus im Gehirn - Neurodegeneration - Alzheimer - Arteriosklerose - Anthozyane

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