Knoblauch zur Gesunderhaltung

Zusammenfassung

Es gibt viele klinische Studien, deren Daten in zusammenführenden Studien gepoolt wurden. Sie belegen, dass Knoblauch ein natürlicher Blutdruck- und Cholesterinsenker ist. Ein normaler Blutdruck wurde durch Knoblauch nicht beeinflusst. Unklar ist, warum manche Hypertoniker und manche Patienten mit hohen Blutfetten nicht auf Knoblauch ansprechen. Viele Studien weisen auf eine Senkung der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren und auf eine Senkung des Risikos für Herz-Kreislauf-Komplikationen (Schlaganfall, Herzinfarkt) hin sowie auf die Reduktion arteriosklerotischer Gefäßveränderungen. Bei Erkältungskrankheiten ist die Wirksamkeit von Knoblauch vielversprechend, bei Krebsleiden, Rheuma, Diabetes und bei der Alzheimer-Demenz dagegen noch nicht endgültig geklärt.

Knoblauch und Zubereitungen daraus können mit unerwünschten Ereignissen (UEs) einhergehen wie Ausdünstung, Sodbrennen, Übelkeit, Erbrechen und Durchfall. Bei der Einnahme geruchloser Knoblauchpräparate sind UEs nicht zu befürchten. Auf Wechselwirkungen von weißem Knoblauch mit Medikamenten muss geachtet werden (wohl kaum bei Einnahme geruchloser Knoblauchpräparate). Vorsichtshalber sollten aber auch die Knoblauchextrakte mit wasserlöslichen Inhaltsstoffen nicht zusammen mit synthetischen Gerinnungshemmern eingenommen bzw. vor Operationen abgesetzt werden. Obwohl Knoblauch in den empfohlenen Dosen nicht toxisch wirkt, sollten Schwangere Knoblauch nur in Maßen zu sich nehmen, bis das komplette Sicherheitsprofil erstellt ist.

Abstract

Garlic for health maintenance. Part 3: Evidence of effectiveness

Several meta-analyses have pooled data of clinical studies and provide evidence that garlic is a natural blood pressure and cholesterol lowering option. Normal blood pressure is not affected by garlic. It remains to be investigated why certain hypertonic patients or patients with elevated blood lipids do not respond to garlic. Many clinical trials indicate that garlic decreases cardiovascular risk in terms of complications such as stroke and myocardial infarction as well as the size of arteriosclerotic plaques. Studies also indicate that garlic is improving viral / bacterial infections. However, its effectiveness in improving cancer, rheumatic diseases, diabetes and Alzheimer dementia remains to be confirmed.

White garlic and preparations thereof can be associated with odour, heartburn, nausea, emesis and diarrhoea. Black or aged garlic is free of such adverse events. White garlic may interfere with synthetic medications, however there is no evidence for interactions with black or aged garlic. As a precaution, garlic extracts with water-soluble ingredients should not be consumed together with anticoagulants or be discontinued before surgery. Although the daily recommended doses of garlic have not shown any toxicity, pregnant women should avoid excess consumption of garlic until the safety profile has been established.

Schlüsselwörter

Allium sativum L. - Knoblauch - Blutdrucksenkung - kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren - Nebenwirkungen

Keywords

Allium sativum L. - garlic - Bitte blood pressure decrease - cardiovascular risk factors - adverse events

^* Teil 2 s. Z Phytother 2018; 39: 165–169. doi:10.1055/a-0629-3670

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