Knöpfologie in der B-Bild-Sonografie

Optimale sonografische Bildgebung setzt gute Kenntnisse der Ultraschallphysik, der wichtigsten Gerätefunktionen und Einstellmöglichkeiten voraus. Darüber hinaus muss die Bilddokumentation überzeugend sein. Diese Übersicht hilft dem Anwender, „sein“ Ultraschallgerät vom Einschalten über die Bildoptimierung bis zur Speicherung immer gut „im Griff“ zu haben – ohne jedes technische oder physikalische Detail hinter den „Knöpfen“ komplett zu verstehen.

Kernaussagen

• Die sonografische Bildgebung setzt eine gute Kenntnis der wichtigsten Gerätefunktionen und Einstellmöglichkeiten voraus.

• Geräteeinstellungen müssen an die spezielle Anwendung, an patientenindividuelle Gegebenheiten und die Sehgewohnheiten des Untersuchers adaptiert werden.

• Die Geräteeinstellung beginnt nach der Patientendateneingabe mit der passenden Schallkopfwahl und dem Preset. Während der systematischen Untersuchung erfolgen ständige Korrekturen von Bildtiefe, Fokus, Gain und Tiefenausgleich (DGC).

• Die Bilddokumentation muss umfassend sein und klinische Partner überzeugen können. Die Dokumentation erfolgt mit im Bild sichtbaren Piktogrammen. Pathologika werden in 2 Ebenen vermessen.

• Die Kenntnis von Artefakten ist wichtig, um Fehleinschätzungen zu vermeiden.

• Die B-Bild-Sonografie als Fortsetzung der körperlichen Untersuchung hat sich als einfaches und kostengünstiges Untersuchungsverfahren bewährt.

• Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Ultraschalls erstrecken sich über nahezu alle medizinischen Fachbereiche. Die Sonografie erlaubt die Real-Time-Durchführung gezielter interventioneller Maßnahmen.

• Die Sonografie wird zunehmend curricular bereits während des Medizinstudiums gelehrt.

Schlüsselwörter

Bildqualität - Bildoptimierung - Terminologie - Geräteeinstellung - Sendefrequenz

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