PDF herunterladen
Lin, Samuel J. et al.: 2024 Neck Rejuvenation DOI: 10.1055/b-0044-201786

6 Surgical Approach to Neck Rejuvenation

Weitere Informationen

Buch

Herausgeber: Lin, Samuel J.; Slavin, Sumner A.; Tandon, Vickram J.

Autoren: Angelini, Matteo A.; Cunha Araujo, Marcelo; Barrios, Esther; Bellamy, Justin; Boustany, Ashley N.; Chia, Christopher T.; Citarella, Enzo R.; Condé-Green, Alexandra; Couto, Rafael A.; Dayan, Erez; Dover, Jeffrey S.; Ebersole, Trina G.; Foppiani, Jose A.; Gould, Daniel J.; Grover, Ritwik; Grow, Jacob N.; Janne Hasbun, Samir; Hogan, Sara R.; Hurwitz, Dennis J.; Kaminer, Michael S.; Kaminer, Michael S.; Kochuba, Andrew L.; Maia, Munique; Matarasso, Alan; Nassar, Amer H.; Nicholas, Mathew N.; Piña, Jeremie O.; Pelle-Ceravolo, Mario; Rodriguez-Unda, Nelson A.; Rohrich, Rod J.; Sinder, Ramil; Sterodimas, Aris; Talei, Benjamin; Ziai, Hedyeh; Zins, James E.

Titel: Neck Rejuvenation

Untertitel: Surgical and Nonsurgical Techniques

Print ISBN: 9781626239630; Online ISBN: 9781684202850; Buch-DOI: 10.1055/b000000386

1. Edition © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., New York

Fachgebiete: Plastische, Rekonstruktive & Kosmetische Chirurgie

Thieme Clinical Collections (English Language)



 
Ritwik Grover, Andrew L. Kochuba, Rafael A. Couto, Jacob N. Grow, and James E. Zins

Abstract

This chapter will highlight several important factors the surgeon must keep in mind when performing a neck lift. While a brief history of the evolution of face and neck lifting will be discussed, the chapter primarily focuses on the anatomical layers of the neck, with emphasis on the course of the facial nerve, and how these layers can be approached safely and individually in order to optimally improve neck aesthetics. The chapter further expands upon the preferred techniques utilized by these authors and also touches upon the important pitfalls and complications that can lead the surgeon wayward during a surgical neck lift. We have also added a video demonstration that highlights our technique of establishing the most common location of the great auricular nerve’s emergence from the deep fascia of the neck where it is likely to be injured. Included are figures showing the various degrees of soft-tissue laxity of the neck and the techniques employed to confront each of them. Finally, given that the senior author of this chapter is a world-renowned aesthetic surgeon of the face and neck, we found it fitting to conclude the chapter with expert commentary on how the surgical approach to the neck has evolved over time. In writing this book chapter, we truly hoped to impart some wisdom for both novice and expert surgeons for this alluring and delicate surgery, and in the process, learned much about our own techniques and results.

Schlüsselwörter

neck lift - McKinney’s point - surgical neck rejuvenation - great auricular - retaining ligaments
 
  • 1 Mitz V, Peyronie M. The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the parotid and cheek area.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1976; 58 (1) 80-88 PubMed (PMID: 935283)
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Stuzin JM, Baker TJ, Gordon HL. The relationship of the superficial and deep facial fascias: relevance to rhytidectomy and aging.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992; 89 (3) 441-449, discussion 450–451 PubMed (PMID: 1741467)
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Alghoul M, Bitik O, McBride J, Zins JE. Relationship of the zygomatic facial nerve to the retaining ligaments of the face: the subSMAS danger zone.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012; 130 (5S-1) 42 (PMID: 23358020)
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Hamra ST. The deep-plane rhytidectomy.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 86 (1) 53-61, discussion 62–63 PubMed (PMID: 2359803)
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Baker DC, Conley J. Avoiding facial nerve injuries in rhytidectomy. Anatomical variations and pitfalls.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979; 64 (6) 781-795 PubMed (PMID: 515227)
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Agarwal CA, Mendenhall III SD, Foreman KB, Owsley JQ. The course of the frontal branch of the facial nerve in relation to fascial planes: an anatomic study.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 125 (2) 532-537 PubMed (PMID: 20124839)
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Huettner F, Rueda S, Ozturk CN et al. The relationship of the marginal mandibular nerve to the mandibular osseocutaneous ligament and lesser ligaments of the lower face.. Aesthet Surg J 2015; 35 (2) 111-120 PubMed (PMID: 25681104)
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Roostaeian J, Rohrich RJ, Stuzin JM. Anatomical considerations to prevent facial nerve injury.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 135 (5) 1318-1327 PubMed (PMID: 25919245)
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Trussler AP, Stephan P, Hatef D, Schaverien M, Meade R, Barton FE. The frontal branch of the facial nerve across the zygomatic arch: anatomical relevance of the high-SMAS technique.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 125 (4) 1221-1229 PubMed (PMID: 20335873)
    Google Scholar
  • 11 Alghoul M, Bitik O, McBride J, Zins JE. Relationship of the zygomatic facial nerve to the retaining ligaments of the face: the sub-SMAS danger zone.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 131 (2) 245e-252e PubMed (PMID: 23358020)
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Ozturk CN, Ozturk C, Huettner F, Drake RL, Zins JE. A failsafe method to avoid injury to the great auricular nerve.. Aesthet Surg J 2014; 34 (1) 16-21 PubMed (PMID: 24334305)
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Moss CJ, Mendelson BC, Taylor GI. Surgical anatomy of the ligamentous attachments in the temple and periorbital regions.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 105 (4) 1475-1490, discussion 1491–1498 PubMed (PMID: 10744245)
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Muzaffar AR, Mendelson BC, Adams Jr WP. Surgical anatomy of the ligamentous attachments of the lower lid and lateral canthus.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002; 110 (3) 873-884, discussion 897–911 PubMed (PMID: 12172154)
    Google Scholar
  • 15 Pitanguy I, Ramos AS. The frontal branch of the facial nerve: the importance of its variations in face lifting.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1966; 38 (4) 352-356 PubMed (PMID: 5926990)
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Bernstein L, Nelson RH. Surgical anatomy of the extraparotid distribution of the facial nerve.. Arch Otolaryngol 1984; 110 (3) 177-183 PubMed (PMID: 6704029)
    Google Scholar
  • 17 de Bonnecaze G, Chaput B, Filleron T, Al Hawat A, Vergez S, Chaynes P. The frontal branch of the facial nerve: can we define a safety zone?. Surg Radiol Anat 2015; 37 (5) 499-506 PubMed (PMID: 25342224)
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Pessa JE. SMAS fusion zones determine the subfascial and subcutaneous anatomy of the human face: fascial spaces, fat compartments, and models of facial aging.. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36 (5) 515-526 PubMed (PMID: 26906345)
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Ellenbogen R. Pseudo-paralysis of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve after platysmal face-lift operation.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1979; 63 (3) 364-368 PubMed (PMID: 419214)
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Daane SP, Owsley JQ. Incidence of cervical branch injury with “marginal mandibular nerve pseudo-paralysis” in patients undergoing face lift.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003; 111 (7) 2414-2418 PubMed (PMID: 12794490)
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Salinas NL, Jackson O, Dunham B, Bartlett SP. Anatomical dissection and modified Sihler stain of the lower branches of the facial nerve.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 124 (6) 1905-1915 PubMed (PMID: 19952646)
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Chowdhry S, Yoder EM, Cooperman RD, Yoder VR, Wilhelmi BJ. Locating the cervical motor branch of the facial nerve: anatomy and clinical application.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 126 (3) 875-879 PubMed (PMID: 20463628)
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Larson JD, Tierney WS, Ozturk CN, Zins JE. Defining the fat compartments in the neck: a cadaver study.. Aesthet Surg J 2014; 34 (4) 499-506 PubMed (PMID: 24633742)
    Google Scholar
  • 25 Feldman JJ. Surgical anatomy of the neck. In: Necklift. 1st ed. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2006:106–113
  • 26 Hashem AM, Couto RA, Duraes EFR et al. Facelift part I: history, anatomy, and clinical assessment.. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40 (1) 1-18 PubMed (PMID: 30843042)
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Zins JE, Waltzman J, Couto RA. Neck rejuvenation. In: Rubin P, Neligan P, eds. Plastic Surgery. Vol. 2. Aesthetic Surgery. 4th ed. Oxford, UK: Elsevier; 2017:375–389
  • 29 Guyuron B. Problem neck, hyoid bone, and submental myotomy.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992; 90 (5) 830-837, discussion 838–840 PubMed (PMID: 1410036)
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Last RJ. The head and neck. In: Anatomy: Regional and Applied. 7th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1984:17–18
  • 31 McKinney P, Katrana DJ. Prevention of injury to the great auricular nerve during rhytidectomy.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980; 66 (5) 675-679 PubMed (PMID: 7433552)
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Rees TD, Liverett DM, Guy CL. The effect of cigarette smoking on skin-flap survival in the face lift patient.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1984; 73 (6) 911-915 PubMed (PMID: 6728942)
    Google Scholar
  • 33 Fitzgerald R, Graivier MH, Kane M et al. Update on facial aging.. Aesthet Surg J 2010; 30 (Suppl. Suppl) 11S-24S PubMed (PMID: 20844296)
    Google Scholar
  • 34 Kligman LH. Photoaging. Manifestations, prevention, and treatment.. Dermatol Clin 1986; 4 (3) 517-528 PubMed (PMID: 3521997)
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Nelligan PC, ed. Facelift Principles. In: Plastic Surgery: Aesthetic. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. London: Elsevier Inc.; 2013:185–186
  • 36 Nahai F, ed. Neck lift. In: The Art of Aesthetic Surgery: Principles and Techniques. Vol. 2. St. Louis, MO: Quality Medical; 2005:1239–1284
  • 39 Feldman JJ. My Approach to Neck Lift. Denver, CO: Colorado Society of Plastic Surgeons; 1995
  • 40 Feldman JJ. Lesser lifts and ancillary procedures. Paper presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Society of Aesthetic Surgery; April 29–May 3, 1996; Orlando, FL
  • 41 Feldman JJ. The isolated neck lift. Paper presented at: Massachusetts General Hospital Aesthetic Symposium; March 1996; Vail, CO
  • 42 Feldman JJ. Face or neck lift without a postauricular incision. Paper presented at: 33rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Aesthetic Surgery; May 14, 2000; Orlando, FL
  • 43 Feldman JJ. Approach to face-neck-brow-periorbital lift. Instructional course. Paper presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons; November 2–6, 2002; San Antonio, TX
  • 44 Feldman JJ. Small incision necklift. Instructional course. Paper presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Society of Aesthetic Surgery; April 15–21, 2004; Vancouver, BC
  • 45 Zins JE, Fardo D. The “anterior-only” approach to neck rejuvenation: an alternative to face lift surgery.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 115 (6) 1761-1768 PubMed (PMID: 15861088)
    Google Scholar
  • 46 Nelligan PC, ed. Neck rejuvenation. In: Plastic Surgery: Aesthetic. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. London: Elsevier Inc.; 2013:317–319
  • 48 Goddio AS. Skin retraction following suction lipectomy by treatment site: a study of 500 procedures in 458 selected subjects.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1991; 87 (1) 66-75 PubMed (PMID: 1984283)
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Nahai F. Neck lift. In: The Art of Aesthetic Surgery: Principles and Techniques. Vol. II. St. Louis, MO: Quality Medical Publishing, Inc.; 2005:1239–1283
  • 50 Mendelson BC, Freeman ME, Wu W, Huggins RJ. Surgical anatomy of the lower face: the premasseter space, the jowl, and the labiomandibular fold.. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2008; 32 (2) 185-195 PubMed (PMID: 18183455)
    Google Scholar
  • 51 Knize DM. Limited incision submental lipectomy and platysmaplasty.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1998; 101 (2) 473-481 PubMed (PMID: 9462784)
    Google Scholar
  • 52 Ramirez OM. Cervicoplasty: nonexcisional anterior approach.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1997; 99 (6) 1576-1585 PubMed (PMID: 9145125)
    Google Scholar
  • 54 Biggs TM. Excision of neck redundancy with single Z-plasty closure.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1996; 98 (6) 1113-1114 PubMed (PMID: 8911489)
    Google Scholar
  • 55 Gradinger GP. Anterior cervicoplasty in the male patient.. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106 (5) 1146-1154, discussion 1155 PubMed (PMID: 11039386)
    Google Scholar
  • 56 Kesselring UK. Direct approach to the difficult anterior neck region.. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1992; 16 (4) 277-282 PubMed (PMID: 1414650)
    Google Scholar