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Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2017; 45(02): 90-97
DOI: 10.15653/TPG-160547
Originalartikel
Schattauer GmbH

Vorkommen von Genotypen des porzinen Circovirus Typ 2 (PCV2) in Schweinebeständen mit unterschied lichen Impfstrategien gegen PCV2

Occurrence of genotypes of porcine circovirus (PCV2) in pig farms using diffe rent vaccination strategies against PCV2
Matthias Eddicks
1   Klinik für Schweine, Zentrum für Klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Florian Szikora
1   Klinik für Schweine, Zentrum für Klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Nils Walhöfer
1   Klinik für Schweine, Zentrum für Klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Carola Sauter Louis
4   Institut für Epidemiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Greifswald
,
Sven Reese
5   Lehrstuhl für Anatomie, Histologie und Embryologie, Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Elisabeth Banholzer
6   Zoetis Deutschland GmbH, Berlin
,
Gerald Reiner
2   Klinik für Schweine, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Gerd Sutter
3   Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Zoonosen, Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Mathias Ritzmann
1   Klinik für Schweine, Zentrum für Klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Robert Fux
3   Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Zoonosen, Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen: 10 June 2016

Akzeptiert nach Revision: 09 March 2016

Publication Date:
09 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Seit den Jahren 2004/2005 zeigt sich beim porzinen Circovirus (PCV2) weltweit eine Veränderung der Nachweisrate vom Genotyp PCV2a zu PCV2b. Da alle kommerziell verfügbaren Impfstoffe auf dem Genotyp PCV2a basieren, hatte die Studie das Ziel, das Vorkommen von PCV2a und PCV2b in Beständen mit unterschiedlichen Impfstrategien gegen PCV2 zu evaluieren. Methoden: In die Studie gingen 405 Ferkel aus neun Beständen (jeweils drei Bestände mit Mutterschutzimpfung [SI], Ferkelimpfung fi bzw. ohne Impfung gegen PCV2 [NI]) ein. Der PCV2-Status der Tiere wurde vom 3. Lebenstag bis zur Schlachtung verfolgt. Das Serum wurde mittels PCR quantitativ auf PCV2-DNA untersucht, positive Proben anschließend in einer genotypdifferenzierenden Duplex-PCR analysiert und die PCV2-Isolate nach Sequenzierung des Gesamtgenoms phylogenetisch zugeordnet. Die Daten von 383 Tieren konnten ausgewertet werden. Ergebnisse: Der Nachweis von PCV2 gelang in acht Beständen (1x PCV2a; 6x PCV2b; 1x PCV2a und PCV2b). PCV2b ließ sich in FI-, SI-, und NI-Beständen, PCV2a nur in SI- und NI-Beständen nachweisen. 55,4% aller Ferkel erwiesen sich mindestens einmal im Untersuchungszeitraum PCV2-positiv (FI: 7,8%, SI: 65,4%, NI: 93,7%). Davon waren 4,7% PCV2a-, 92,2% PCV2b- und 2,4% für PCV2a sowie PCV2b positiv. Der mittlere PCV2-DNA-Gehalt lag bei PCV2b-positiven Tieren signifikant höher als bei PCV2a-positiven Tieren. Die Isolate konnten als PCV2b-1A (5/9 Beständen), PCV2b-1B (1/9 Beständen) und PCV2a-2D (2/9 Beständen) identifiziert werden. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die seit 2004/2005 beobachtete höhere Nachweisrate von PCV2b im Vergleich zu PCV2a wurde bestätigt. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass der Einsatz auf PCV2a basierender Vakzinen bei Ferkeln zu einer weiteren Verschiebung der Nachweisrate zugunsten von PCV2b führt. Um die klinische Relevanz dieser Beobachtung abschätzen zu können, sollten umfangreichere vergleichende Untersuchungen erfolgen, die die Effektivität von PCV2a-Impfstoffen in PCV2a- und PCV2b-positiven Beständen berücksichtigen.

Summary

Objective: Since 2004/2005 a worldwide shift of the detection rate of porcine circovirus (PCV) has been observed from PCV2a towards PCV2b. Currently commercially available vaccines are based on genotype PCV2a. The study was conducted as a pilot study to evaluate the occurrence of PCV2a and PCV2b in farms with different vaccination strategies against PCV2. Material and methods: For this purpose a total of 405 piglets originating from nine farms (three farms with sow vaccination [SI], piglet vaccination fi and no vaccination [NI] against PCV2, respectively) were enrolled and followed from day 3 of life until slaughter. Serum of the piglets was examined for PCV2-DNA by quantitative PCR, genotype differentiating duplex PCR, and after sequencing of the total genome, PCV2 isolates were phylogenetically assigned. The evaluation included the data from 383 animals. Results: In eight farms PCV2 could be detected (1x PCV2a; 6x PCV2b; 1x PCV2a and PCV2b). PCV2b was found in SI-, NI- and FI-farms, whereas PCV2a was only detected in SI- and NI-farms. A proportion of 55.4% was PCV2-positive at least once during the entire study period (FI: 7.8%, SI: 65.4%, NI: 93.7%). Of these samples 4.7% were PCV2a-, 92.2% PCV2b- and 2.4% PCV2a- and PCV2b-positive. The mean content of PCV2-DNA in the serum of PCV2b po sitive animals was significantly higher than from PCV2a positive animals. PCV2 isolates were identified as PCV2b-1A (5/9 farms), PCV2b-1B (1/9 farms) und PCV2a-2D (2/9 farms). Conclusion and clinical relevance: The increased detection rate of PCV2b in comparison to PCV2a could be confirmed. The present study gives hint that the vaccination of piglets using PCV2a-based vaccines may lead to a further shift of the detection rate from PCV2a to PCV2b. To assess the clinical relevance of this observation, extensive comparative studies should be taken into account, which also evaluate the efficacy of PCV2a-based vaccines in PCV2a- and PCV2b-positive farms.

Schlüsselwörter

Porzines Circovirus Typ 2 - Genotypen - Feldstudie - Impfung

Keywords

Porcine circovirus type 2 - genotypes - field study - vaccination
 

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