Micropropagation of Hydrastis canadensis: Goldenseal a North American Endangered Species

Abstract

An in vitro propagation protocol for rapidly producing Hydrastis canadensis L., Goldenseal, plantlets from disk tissue of young leaves was developed. Leaf explants were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of NAA and TDZ for production of callus. Two-month-old calli were sub-cultured on MS media containing cytokinins (BA, kinetin, TDZ) in different concentrations for shoot initiation. The optimum level of callus induction and maintenance was in 5.3 μM NAA in combination with 2.2 μM of TDZ. Shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium with 2.2 μM TDZ in combination with 0.5 μM NAA. The alkaloid profile of micropropagated plantlets was similar to the profile of the mother plants. These results suggest that our in vitro propagation protocol will produce a positive impact in the conservation of H. canadensis.

References

• 1 Duke J. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. CRC Press LLC Boca Raton, Fl; 2001: 238-9
• 2 Schazzocchio F, Cometa M F, Tomassini L, Palmery M. Antibacterial activity of Hydrastis canadensis extract and its major isolated alkaloids.  Planta Medica. 2001;  67 561-3
• 3 Bannerman J. Goldenseal in world trade: Pressures and potentials.  HerbalGram. 1997;  41 51-2
• 4 CITES. Proposal for the inclusion of Hydrastis canadensis . Appendix II, CITES 1997
• 5 Sharma N, Chandel K PS, Paul A. In vitro propagation of Gentiana kurroo - an indigenous threatened plant of medicinal importance.  Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 1993;  34 307-9
• 6 Sudha C G, Seeni S. In vitro propagation of Rauwolfia micrantha, a rare medicinal plant.  Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 1996;  44 243-8
• 7 Murashige M, Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture.  Physiologia Plantarum. 1962;  15 473-97
• 8 Abourashed E A, Khan I A. High-performance liquid chromatography determination of hydrastine and berberine in dietary supplements containing Goldenseal.  Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2001;  90 817-22
• 9 SPSS 9.0 for W indows. Copyright ^© . SPSS, Inc Chicago, Illinois; 1998