Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782179
Original Article

Bruxism, Lifestyle, Anxiety, and Sleep Impairment in Dental Students

Priscila Brenner Hilgenberg-Sydney 
1   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
,
Amanda Necker
1   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
,
Luiz Felipe Kajevski
1   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
,
Jordana Senff
1   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
,
Fernanda Mara de Paiva Bertoli 
2   Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
,
Juliana Feltrin de Souza 
3   Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Funding Source The author(s) received no financial support for the research.
› Further Information
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the correlation of self-reported sleep and awake bruxism with demographic characteristics, oral behaviors, anxiety, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) signs and symptoms, sleep quality, and orthodontic treatment history in dental students. A total of 104 students of Dentistry located in Paraná (South Brazilian State) answered the following self-administered questionnaires: Oral Behavior Checklist, State Anxiety Inventory, TMD signs and symptoms questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Associations between possible awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB) with sleep quality, anxiety, and TMD were analyzed by Poisson Regression with robust variance. The significance level adopted was 5%. The frequency of AB and SB was 76% and 55.8%, respectively. A statistically higher frequency of AB was observed in students who had the following conditions: use of psychotropic medication, physical activity practitioners, moderate or high level of anxiety, more oral behaviors, sleep disorders, and sleep bruxism. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed more frequently in students who presented moderate or high levels of anxiety, oral behaviors, and sleep disorders. The frequency of TMD reported was higher in students with SB, as well as in those with AB. In conclusion, lifestyle, moderate and high anxiety levels, and sleep disorders are associated with a higher prevalence of AB and SB. Furthermore, AB and SB are associated with a higher frequency of TMD reporting.

Keywords

anxiety - bruxism - sleep bruxism - sleep wake disorders


Publication History

Received: 13 March 2023

Accepted: 29 January 2024

Article published online:
13 May 2024

© 2024. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil

 

  • References

  • 1 Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Raphael KG. et al. International consensus on the assessment of bruxism: Report of a work in progress. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45 (11) 837-844
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Wetselaar P, Vermaire EJH, Lobbezoo F, Schuller AA. The prevalence of awake bruxism and sleep bruxism in the Dutch adult population. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 46 (07) 617-623
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Carra MC, Huynh N, Morton P. et al. Prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism and wake-time tooth clenching in a 7- to 17-yr-old population. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119 (05) 386-394
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Ordonez-Plaza MP, V-C É. Association among stress, depression and anxiety with diurnal bruxism prevalence. Rev. Estomatol 2016
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Paesani DA, Lobbezoo F, Gelos C, Guarda-Nardini L, Ahlberg J, Manfredini D. Correlation between self-reported and clinically based diagnoses of bruxism in temporomandibular disorders patients. J Oral Rehabil 2013; 40 (11) 803-809
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Lavigne GJ, Khoury S, Abe S, Yamaguchi T, Raphael K. Bruxism physiology and pathology: an overview for clinicians. J Oral Rehabil 2008; 35 (07) 476-494
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Serra-Negra JM, Scarpelli AC, Tirsa-Costa D, Guimarães FH, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM. Sleep bruxism, awake bruxism and sleep quality among Brazilian dental students: a cross-sectional study. Braz Dent J 2014; 25 (03) 241-247
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Fissmer JFW, Garanhani RR, Sakae TM, Traebert JL, Filho EJS. Relação entre ansiedade e bruxismo em acadêmicos de odontologia. Arq Catarin Med 2008; 37: 25-29
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Cavallo P, Carpinelli L, Savarese G. Perceived stress and bruxism in university students. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9 (01) 514
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG. et al; STROBE Initiative. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med 2007; 4 (10) e297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 van der Meulen MJ, Lobbezoo F, Aartman IH, Naeije M. Validity of the Oral Behaviours Checklist: correlations between OBC scores and intensity of facial pain. J Oral Rehabil 2014; 41 (02) 115-121
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Biaggio AMB, Natalício L. Manual para o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Centro Editor de Psicologia Aplicada; 1979
    Google Scholar
  • 13 De Leeuw R, Klasser GD. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management. Chicago: Quintessence; 2013
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS. et al. Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Med 2011; 12 (01) 70-75
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Bertoli FMP, Bruzamolin CD, Pizzatto E, Losso EM, Brancher JA, de Souza JF. Prevalence of diagnosed temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study in Brazilian adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13 (02) e0192254
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Melo G, Dutra KL, Rodrigues Filho R. et al. Association between psychotropic medications and presence of sleep bruxism: A systematic review. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45 (07) 545-554
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Hermesh H, Schapir L, Marom S. et al. Bruxism and oral parafunctional hyperactivity in social phobia outpatients. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 42 (02) 90-97
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Winocur E, Uziel N, Lisha T, Goldsmith C, Eli I. Self-reported bruxism - associations with perceived stress, motivation for control, dental anxiety and gagging. J Oral Rehabil 2011; 38 (01) 3-11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Su N, Liu Y, Yang X, Shen J, Wang H. Association of malocclusion, self-reported bruxism and chewing-side preference with oral health-related quality of life in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Int Dent J 2018; 68 (02) 97-104
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Hilgenberg-Sydney PB, Lorenzon AL, Pimentel G, Petterle RR, Bonotto D. Probable awake bruxism - prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Dental Press J Orthod 2022; 27 (04) e2220298
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Bayar GR, Tutuncu R, Acikel C. Psychopathological profile of patients with different forms of bruxism. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 16 (01) 305-311
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Manfredini D, Lobbezoo F. Relationship between bruxism and temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review of literature from 1998 to 2008. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109 (06) e26-e50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Kuang B, Li D, Lobbezoo F. et al. Associations between sleep bruxism and other sleep-related disorders in adults: a systematic review. Sleep Med 2022; 89: 31-47
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Pereira NC, Oltramari PVP, Conti PCR. et al. Frequency of awake bruxism behaviour in orthodontic patients: Randomised clinical trial: Awake bruxism behaviour in orthodontic patients. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 48 (04) 422-429
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Castroflorio T, Bargellini A, Lucchese A. et al. Effects of clear aligners on sleep bruxism: randomized controlled trial. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2018; 32 (2, Suppl. 2) 21-29
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Castroflorio T, Bargellini A, Rossini G, Cugliari G, Deregibus A. Sleep bruxism in adolescents: a systematic literature review of related risk factors. Eur J Orthod 2017; 39 (01) 61-68
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar